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        A role for tumor necrosis factor-alpha in ischemia and ischemic preconditioning

        Watters, Orla; O'Connor, John J (2011-08-02)
        Abstract During cerebral ischemia, elevation of TNF-α and glutamate to pathophysiological levels may induce dysregulation of normal synaptic processes, leading ultimately to cell death. Previous studies have shown that patients subjected to a mild transient ischemic attack within a critical time window prior to a more severe ischemic episode may show attenuation in the clinical severity of the stroke and result in a more positive functional outcome. Studies with organotypic hippocampal cultures and mixed primary hippocampal cultures have shown that prior incubation with low concentrations of glutamate and TNF-α increase the resistance of neurones to a subsequent insult from glutamate, AMPA and NMDA, while co-exposure of TNF-α and for example AMPA may have neuroprotective effects compared to cultures exposed to excitotoxic agents alone. In addition our work has shown that although glutamate and TNF-α pretreatment induces analogous levels of desensitisation of the intracellular calcium dynamics of neurons under resting conditions and in response to acute glutamate stimulation, their downstream signalling pathways involved in this response do not converge. Glutamate and TNF-α would appear to have opposing effects on resting Ca2+ levels which supports the proposal that they have distinct modes of preconditioning.
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        Addiction psychiatry and COVID-19: impact on patients and service provision.

        Columb, D; Hussain, R; O'Gara, C (2020-05-21)
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        An exploration of knowledge, attitudes and advice given by health professionals to parents in Ireland about the introduction of solid foods. A pilot study

        Allcutt, Claire; Sweeney, Mary-Rose (2010-04-21)
        Abstract Background For the purposes of this paper "weaning is defined as the introduction of the first solid foods to infants". Global recommendations by the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommend that all infants be exclusively breast-fed for the first six months of life. No global recommendations have been made for formula fed infants. In Europe it is recommended that weaning foods should be introduced between 18 weeks and 26 weeks regardless of whether infants are breast or formula fed. In the United Kingdom it is recommended that solids be introduced at around six-months for both breast and formula fed infants. In Ireland official guidelines recommend that breast fed infants should be introduced solids at 6 months of age while for formula fed infants the recommendation is for 4 months. The disparity between these global, European, UK and local recommendations may be a source of confusion for parents and health care professional based in Ireland. Emerging evidence suggests that babies in Ireland are given solid foods before the recommended age but there has been little investigation of the weaning advice provided by health professionals. Since community health professionals have routine parent interactions in the pre-weaning and early-weaning period and hence are in a unique position to positively influence parental weaning decisions, this study aimed to explore their knowledge, attitudes and advice practices about weaning. Methods A mixed-methods approach was used for the research, commencing with a multi-disciplinary focus group to guide and develop a questionnaire. Questionnaires were then distributed in a postal survey to General Practitioners (GPs) (n 179), Practice Nurses (PNs) (n 121), Public Health Nurses (PHNs) (n 107) and Community Dieticians (CDs) (n 8). Results The results indicate varying levels of knowledge of official weaning recommendations and a variety of advice practices. CDs and PHNs acknowledged a clear role in providing weaning advice while demonstrating high confidence levels in providing this advice. However, 19% of PNs and 7% of GP respondents did not acknowledge that they have a role in providing weaning advice to parents; even though Health Service Executive (HSE) written literature given to parents states that they should seek information from PNs and GPs. Conclusion Small pockets of misinformation about the introduction of solid foods persist amongst health professionals which may lead to inconsistent advice for parents. Further research is needed.
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        Are universally available supports for families effective and efficient? / Suzanne Lyons, Claire Collins, Anthony Staines

        Staines, Anthony; Collins, Claire; Lyons, Suzanne (2001)
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        Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Public Health Stages on Paediatric Emergency Attendance.

        McDonnell, Thérèse; Nicholson, Emma; Conlon, Ciara; Barrett, Michael; Cummins, Fergal; Hensey, Conor; McAuliffe, Eilish (2020-09-15)
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        Career tracking: factors affecting career choices and retention of Irish medical graduates / Edel McEntee ... [et al.]

        McEntee, Edel; Daly, Leslie; Clarke, Anna; Fitzpatrick, Patricia (University College Dublin, 2006)
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        Diabetes after pregnancy prevention trials: Systematic review for core outcome set development.

        O'Reilly, Sharleen L; Leonard, Yvonne; Dasgupta, Kaberi; Terkildsen Maindal, Helle (2020-01-14)
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        Early experiences of radiographers in Ireland during the COVID-19 crisis.

        Foley, Shane J; O'Loughlin, Anne; Creedon, Jill (2020-09-25)
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        Eligibility for heroin-assisted treatment (HAT) among people who inject opioids and are living with HIV in a Canadian setting.

        Klimas, Jan; Dong, Huiru; Fairbairn, Nadia; Socías, Eugenia; Barrios, Rolando; Wood, Evan; Kerr, Thomas; Montaner, Julio; Milloy, M-J (2018-02-07)
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        Healthcare Assistants and Qualified Carers, a trained, but untapped underutilised resource: A population-based study in Ireland of skillset, career satisfaction, wellbeing and change across all sectors and care settings

        Conyard, Karl; Codd, Mary; Metcalfe, Alison; Corish, Siobhán; Flannery, Jackie; Hannon, Paul; Rusk, Brian; Yeates, Simon; Bahramian, Katayoun; Universirt College Dublin; et al. (University College Dublin, 2020-03)
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        Human skin microbiota is a rich source of bacteriocin-producing staphylococci that kill human pathogens.

        O'Sullivan, Julie N; Rea, Mary C; O'Connor, Paula M; Hill, Colin; Ross, R Paul
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        IMI - Myopia Control Reports Overview and Introduction.

        Wolffsohn, James S; Flitcroft, Daniel Ian; Gifford, Kate L; Jong, Monica; Jones, Lyndon; Klaver, Caroline C W; Logan, Nicola S; Naidoo, Kovin; Resnikoff, Serge; Sankaridurg, Padmaja; et al.
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        MYC Oncogene Contributions to Release of Cell Cycle Brakes.

        García-Gutiérrez, Lucía; Delgado, María Dolores; León, Javier (2019-03-22)
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        New Ways of Working? A Rapid Exploration of Emerging Evidence Regarding the Care of Older People during COVID19

        Ní Shé, Éidín; O'Donnell, Deirdre; O'Shea, Marie; Stokes, Diarmuid; University College Dublin (MDPI, 2020-09-04)
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        No Health without Mental Health: Risks and Benefits of School Closures during a Pandemic

        Barrett, E.; University College Dublin (Irish Medical Journal, 2020-06)
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        Personalised 3D Printed Medicines: Optimising Material Properties for Successful Passive Diffusion Loading of Filaments for Fused Deposition Modelling of Solid Dosage Forms.

        Cerda, Jose R; Arifi, Talaya; Ayyoubi, Sejad; Knief, Peter; Ballesteros, Maria Paloma; Keeble, William; Barbu, Eugen; Healy, Anne Marie; Lalatsa, Aikaterini; Serrano, Dolores R (2020-04-11)
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        Primary care interventions to address physical frailty among community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older: A meta-analysis.

        Macdonald, Stephen H-F; Travers, John; Shé, Éidín Ní; Bailey, Jade; Romero-Ortuno, Roman; Keyes, Michael; O'Shea, Diarmuid; Cooney, Marie Therese (2020-02-07)
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        The Role of Mineral and Trace Element Supplementation in Exercise and Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review.

        Heffernan, Shane Michael; Horner, Katy; De Vito, Giuseppe; Conway, Gillian Eileen (2019-03-24)
        Minerals and trace elements (MTEs) are micronutrients involved in hundreds of biological processes. Deficiency in MTEs can negatively affect athletic performance. Approximately 50% of athletes have reported consuming some form of micronutrient supplement; however, there is limited data confirming their efficacy for improving performance. The aim of this study was to systematically review the role of MTEs in exercise and athletic performance. Six electronic databases and grey literature sources (MEDLINE; EMBASE; CINAHL and SportDISCUS; Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov) were searched, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: 17,433 articles were identified and 130 experiments from 128 studies were included. Retrieved articles included Iron (n = 29), Calcium (n = 11), Magnesium, (n = 22), Phosphate (n = 17), Zinc (n = 9), Sodium (n = 15), Boron (n = 4), Selenium (n = 5), Chromium (n = 12) and multi-mineral articles (n = 5). No relevant articles were identified for Copper, Manganese, Iodine, Nickel, Fluoride or Cobalt. Only Iron and Magnesium included articles of sufficient quality to be assigned as 'strong'. Currently, there is little evidence to support the use of MTE supplementation to improve physiological markers of athletic performance, with the possible exception of Iron (in particular, biological situations) and Magnesium as these currently have the strongest quality evidence. Regardless, some MTEs may possess the potential to improve athletic performance, but more high quality research is required before support for these MTEs can be given. PROSPERO preregistered (CRD42018090502).
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        Targeting MAPK Signaling in Cancer: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Sensitivity.

        Lee, Shannon; Rauch, Jens; Kolch, Walter (2020-02-07)
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        Treatment of stimulant use disorder: A systematic review of reviews

        Ronsley, Claire; Nolan, Seonaid; Knight, Rod; Hayashi, Kanna; Klimas, Jano; Walley, Alex; Wood, Evan; Fairbairn, Nadia (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2020-06-18)
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